TNF | OmnibusX

Name	Number of supported studies	Average coverage
non-classical monocyte	10 studies	25% ± 8%	Explore
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell	10 studies	27% ± 11%	Explore
macrophage	7 studies	21% ± 7%	Explore
classical monocyte	6 studies	22% ± 5%	Explore
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell	6 studies	22% ± 5%	Explore
mucosal invariant T cell	5 studies	26% ± 8%	Explore
myeloid cell	4 studies	28% ± 8%	Explore
natural killer cell	4 studies	24% ± 8%	Explore
regulatory T cell	4 studies	29% ± 7%	Explore
CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell	4 studies	27% ± 8%	Explore
monocyte	3 studies	22% ± 5%	Explore
conventional dendritic cell	3 studies	22% ± 5%	Explore
effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell	3 studies	25% ± 5%	Explore
effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell	3 studies	25% ± 7%	Explore
T-helper 1 cell	3 studies	43% ± 18%	Explore

Tissue	GTEx Coverage	GTEx Average TPM	GTEx Number of samples	TCGA Coverage	TCGA Average TPM	TCGA Number of samples
lung	97%	259.21	558 / 578	55%	4.31	639 / 1155
breast	59%	48.30	270 / 459	66%	5.41	741 / 1118
kidney	90%	86.04	80 / 89	31%	1.57	281 / 901
intestine	77%	82.57	739 / 966	43%	2.09	229 / 527
esophagus	58%	29.04	833 / 1445	50%	6.45	91 / 183
skin	67%	67.93	1219 / 1809	34%	1.93	159 / 472
lymph node	0%	0	0 / 0	100%	29.26	29 / 29
spleen	100%	505.06	241 / 241	0%	0	0 / 0
peripheral blood	99%	1616.67	918 / 929	0%	0	0 / 0
stomach	53%	31.66	189 / 359	42%	1.93	120 / 286
ovary	7%	2.40	12 / 180	84%	14.36	362 / 430
adrenal gland	77%	44.07	199 / 258	10%	0.37	22 / 230
tonsil	0%	0	0 / 0	84%	8.31	38 / 45
uterus	22%	7.33	37 / 170	61%	7.12	282 / 459
bladder	38%	12.24	8 / 21	40%	2.92	202 / 504
pancreas	30%	11.21	98 / 328	46%	2.33	82 / 178
brain	17%	8.43	460 / 2642	58%	7.01	412 / 705
heart	68%	58.91	584 / 861	0%	0	0 / 0
liver	56%	25.41	127 / 226	8%	0.57	33 / 406
adipose	57%	54.64	688 / 1204	0%	0	0 / 0
thymus	34%	18.41	224 / 653	21%	1.43	130 / 605
prostate	29%	10.57	70 / 245	9%	0.32	44 / 502
blood vessel	35%	23.20	463 / 1335	0%	0	0 / 0
muscle	9%	2.43	74 / 803	0%	0	0 / 0
eye	0%	0	0 / 0	4%	0.15	3 / 80
abdomen	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
bone marrow	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
diaphragm	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
gingiva	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nasal cavity	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nasopharynx	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nose	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
placenta	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
spinal column	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
ureter	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 1

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0007254	Biological process	JNK cascade
GO_0032722	Biological process	positive regulation of chemokine production
GO_0090594	Biological process	inflammatory response to wounding
GO_0050796	Biological process	regulation of insulin secretion
GO_1901224	Biological process	positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
GO_0045071	Biological process	negative regulation of viral genome replication
GO_1902565	Biological process	positive regulation of neutrophil activation
GO_0072659	Biological process	protein localization to plasma membrane
GO_0006954	Biological process	inflammatory response
GO_0003009	Biological process	skeletal muscle contraction
GO_0031642	Biological process	negative regulation of myelination
GO_0150129	Biological process	positive regulation of interleukin-33 production
GO_0009651	Biological process	response to salt stress
GO_0045662	Biological process	negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
GO_0048566	Biological process	embryonic digestive tract development
GO_1903347	Biological process	negative regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly
GO_0010459	Biological process	negative regulation of heart rate
GO_0060693	Biological process	regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
GO_0002637	Biological process	regulation of immunoglobulin production
GO_0014823	Biological process	response to activity
GO_0045994	Biological process	positive regulation of translational initiation by iron
GO_2000010	Biological process	positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface
GO_0043537	Biological process	negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
GO_0031334	Biological process	positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly
GO_0006959	Biological process	humoral immune response
GO_0009750	Biological process	response to fructose
GO_0045672	Biological process	positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
GO_0051092	Biological process	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO_0090324	Biological process	negative regulation of oxidative phosphorylation
GO_0045760	Biological process	positive regulation of action potential
GO_0032741	Biological process	positive regulation of interleukin-18 production
GO_0001666	Biological process	response to hypoxia
GO_1902895	Biological process	positive regulation of miRNA transcription
GO_0043491	Biological process	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
GO_0045598	Biological process	regulation of fat cell differentiation
GO_2001234	Biological process	negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
GO_0051897	Biological process	positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
GO_1904996	Biological process	positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell
GO_0009410	Biological process	response to xenobiotic stimulus
GO_0060557	Biological process	positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process
GO_0070374	Biological process	positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO_1904707	Biological process	positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO_0006006	Biological process	glucose metabolic process
GO_0043243	Biological process	positive regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly
GO_0071300	Biological process	cellular response to retinoic acid
GO_0010573	Biological process	vascular endothelial growth factor production
GO_0006919	Biological process	activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO_1904999	Biological process	positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell
GO_0031622	Biological process	positive regulation of fever generation
GO_0051044	Biological process	positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
GO_0002925	Biological process	positive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin
GO_0010629	Biological process	negative regulation of gene expression
GO_1905038	Biological process	regulation of membrane lipid metabolic process
GO_0032715	Biological process	negative regulation of interleukin-6 production
GO_0060252	Biological process	positive regulation of glial cell proliferation
GO_0035509	Biological process	negative regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity
GO_0048143	Biological process	astrocyte activation
GO_1902894	Biological process	negative regulation of miRNA transcription
GO_0010628	Biological process	positive regulation of gene expression
GO_0002523	Biological process	leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response
GO_0045599	Biological process	negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
GO_0051966	Biological process	regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
GO_1900017	Biological process	positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
GO_2000343	Biological process	positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production
GO_0072577	Biological process	endothelial cell apoptotic process
GO_0060559	Biological process	positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity
GO_0045732	Biological process	positive regulation of protein catabolic process
GO_0030730	Biological process	sequestering of triglyceride
GO_0050807	Biological process	regulation of synapse organization
GO_0002876	Biological process	positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
GO_2000351	Biological process	regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process
GO_0001937	Biological process	negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
GO_0097421	Biological process	liver regeneration
GO_0050830	Biological process	defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
GO_0043068	Biological process	positive regulation of programmed cell death
GO_2000573	Biological process	positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process
GO_0008630	Biological process	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
GO_0045429	Biological process	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
GO_0032757	Biological process	positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
GO_0050901	Biological process	leukocyte tethering or rolling
GO_0071222	Biological process	cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
GO_0002281	Biological process	macrophage activation involved in immune response
GO_0050729	Biological process	positive regulation of inflammatory response
GO_0001819	Biological process	positive regulation of cytokine production
GO_0043122	Biological process	regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
GO_0045930	Biological process	negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
GO_0071479	Biological process	cellular response to ionizing radiation
GO_1902065	Biological process	response to L-glutamate
GO_0002719	Biological process	negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response
GO_1900222	Biological process	negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance
GO_0002439	Biological process	chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
GO_0032755	Biological process	positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
GO_0043154	Biological process	negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO_0042531	Biological process	positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
GO_0097191	Biological process	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO_0071803	Biological process	positive regulation of podosome assembly
GO_2000377	Biological process	regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
GO_2000347	Biological process	positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation
GO_2001238	Biological process	positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO_1990268	Biological process	response to gold nanoparticle
GO_0001774	Biological process	microglial cell activation
GO_0060664	Biological process	epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
GO_0019722	Biological process	calcium-mediated signaling
GO_2000272	Biological process	negative regulation of signaling receptor activity
GO_0051091	Biological process	positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity
GO_0030316	Biological process	osteoclast differentiation
GO_0048661	Biological process	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO_0033138	Biological process	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO_0034138	Biological process	toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway
GO_0070886	Biological process	positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
GO_0008625	Biological process	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors
GO_0035900	Biological process	response to isolation stress
GO_0050966	Biological process	detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
GO_0001934	Biological process	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO_0045471	Biological process	response to ethanol
GO_0043406	Biological process	positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
GO_0003085	Biological process	negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
GO_0032731	Biological process	positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
GO_0045840	Biological process	positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division
GO_0045893	Biological process	positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
GO_0051222	Biological process	positive regulation of protein transport
GO_1902004	Biological process	positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation
GO_0045668	Biological process	negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation
GO_0071230	Biological process	cellular response to amino acid stimulus
GO_1901647	Biological process	positive regulation of synoviocyte proliferation
GO_1903721	Biological process	positive regulation of I-kappaB phosphorylation
GO_0034116	Biological process	positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
GO_0061048	Biological process	negative regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis
GO_0150078	Biological process	positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response
GO_0050806	Biological process	positive regulation of synaptic transmission
GO_2000334	Biological process	positive regulation of blood microparticle formation
GO_0010888	Biological process	negative regulation of lipid storage
GO_0042311	Biological process	vasodilation
GO_0032724	Biological process	positive regulation of fractalkine production
GO_1903140	Biological process	regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier
GO_0043065	Biological process	positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO_0061044	Biological process	negative regulation of vascular wound healing
GO_1904646	Biological process	cellular response to amyloid-beta
GO_0046427	Biological process	positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
GO_0045892	Biological process	negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
GO_0033209	Biological process	tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
GO_0045944	Biological process	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
GO_0071346	Biological process	cellular response to type II interferon
GO_0043507	Biological process	positive regulation of JUN kinase activity
GO_0036005	Biological process	response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor
GO_0046330	Biological process	positive regulation of JNK cascade
GO_0009615	Biological process	response to virus
GO_0120190	Biological process	negative regulation of bile acid secretion
GO_0030198	Biological process	extracellular matrix organization
GO_1905242	Biological process	response to 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine
GO_0045785	Biological process	positive regulation of cell adhesion
GO_0043410	Biological process	positive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO_0000122	Biological process	negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
GO_0043280	Biological process	positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO_0051798	Biological process	positive regulation of hair follicle development
GO_0007623	Biological process	circadian rhythm
GO_0043525	Biological process	positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
GO_0031667	Biological process	response to nutrient levels
GO_1903078	Biological process	positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
GO_0140460	Biological process	response to Gram-negative bacterium
GO_0051384	Biological process	response to glucocorticoid
GO_0043242	Biological process	negative regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly
GO_0071677	Biological process	positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration
GO_0043123	Biological process	positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
GO_0050995	Biological process	negative regulation of lipid catabolic process
GO_0097527	Biological process	necroptotic signaling pathway
GO_0050890	Biological process	cognition
GO_0071316	Biological process	cellular response to nicotine
GO_0032729	Biological process	positive regulation of type II interferon production
GO_0097237	Biological process	cellular response to toxic substance
GO_2001240	Biological process	negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
GO_0030866	Biological process	cortical actin cytoskeleton organization
GO_0019222	Biological process	regulation of metabolic process
GO_0050768	Biological process	negative regulation of neurogenesis
GO_0046325	Biological process	negative regulation of glucose import
GO_0140374	Biological process	antiviral innate immune response
GO_0002037	Biological process	negative regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane
GO_0045121	Cellular component	membrane raft
GO_0043025	Cellular component	neuronal cell body
GO_0009986	Cellular component	cell surface
GO_0005576	Cellular component	extracellular region
GO_0005615	Cellular component	extracellular space
GO_0009897	Cellular component	external side of plasma membrane
GO_0005886	Cellular component	plasma membrane
GO_0055037	Cellular component	recycling endosome
GO_0001891	Cellular component	phagocytic cup
GO_0042802	Molecular function	identical protein binding
GO_0005164	Molecular function	tumor necrosis factor receptor binding
GO_0005125	Molecular function	cytokine activity
GO_0000976	Molecular function	transcription cis-regulatory region binding
GO_0002020	Molecular function	protease binding
GO_0005515	Molecular function	protein binding
GO_0038177	Molecular function	death receptor agonist activity

IV. Literature review

[source]

Gene name	TNF
Protein name	Tumor necrosis factor (Cachectin) (TNF-alpha) (Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2) (TNF-a) [Cleaved into: Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form (N-terminal fragment) (NTF); Intracellular domain 1 (ICD1); Intracellular domain 2 (ICD2); C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form] Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a) (Cachectin) (TNF-alpha) (Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2) [Cleaved into: Intracellular domain 1 (ICD1); Intracellular domain 2 (ICD2); C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]
Synonyms	TNF-alpha hCG_43716 TNLG1F TNFA TNFSF2
Description	FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Up-regulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective . Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line . Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance (By similarity). Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6 . Promotes osteoclastogenesis and therefore mediates bone resorption (By similarity). .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. . FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6. .; FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. .
Accessions	A0A8V8TNL2 ENST00000448781.2 ENST00000443707.2 ENST00000420425.2 A0A140T922 B5BUQ6 P01375 ENST00000445232.2 ENST00000449264.3 A0A0G2YPN5 ENST00000412275.2 ENST00000376122.3 Q5STB3 A0A977WMN2 C1K3N5 ENST00000699334.1 ENST00000383496.4

TNF report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

IV. Literature review