PARP1 report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0006366Biological processtranscription by RNA polymerase II
GO_2001170Biological processnegative regulation of ATP biosynthetic process
GO_0006281Biological processDNA repair
GO_0043504Biological processmitochondrial DNA repair
GO_0030225Biological processmacrophage differentiation
GO_0010332Biological processresponse to gamma radiation
GO_0160049Biological processnegative regulation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway
GO_0033148Biological processpositive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway
GO_0016051Biological processcarbohydrate biosynthetic process
GO_1904357Biological processnegative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening
GO_0071932Biological processreplication fork reversal
GO_0023019Biological processsignal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression
GO_0000723Biological processtelomere maintenance
GO_1905051Biological processregulation of base-excision repair
GO_0051901Biological processpositive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization
GO_1903376Biological processregulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO_1904762Biological processpositive regulation of myofibroblast differentiation
GO_0034644Biological processcellular response to UV
GO_0046697Biological processdecidualization
GO_0045087Biological processinnate immune response
GO_0006302Biological processdouble-strand break repair
GO_0016540Biological processprotein autoprocessing
GO_0032880Biological processregulation of protein localization
GO_0060391Biological processpositive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction
GO_0032042Biological processmitochondrial DNA metabolic process
GO_0045824Biological processnegative regulation of innate immune response
GO_1904178Biological processnegative regulation of adipose tissue development
GO_1904044Biological processresponse to aldosterone
GO_0032869Biological processcellular response to insulin stimulus
GO_0071294Biological processcellular response to zinc ion
GO_1903518Biological processpositive regulation of single strand break repair
GO_0034599Biological processcellular response to oxidative stress
GO_0007005Biological processmitochondrion organization
GO_0030592Biological processDNA ADP-ribosylation
GO_1990090Biological processcellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus
GO_0071168Biological processprotein localization to chromatin
GO_1905168Biological processpositive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
GO_0050790Biological processregulation of catalytic activity
GO_1904646Biological processcellular response to amyloid-beta
GO_0045892Biological processnegative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
GO_0045944Biological processpositive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
GO_1990966Biological processATP generation from poly-ADP-D-ribose
GO_0032786Biological processpositive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation
GO_0045188Biological processregulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep
GO_0010613Biological processpositive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy
GO_0060545Biological processpositive regulation of necroptotic process
GO_0006974Biological processDNA damage response
GO_0034244Biological processnegative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II
GO_0000122Biological processnegative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
GO_0036211Biological processprotein modification process
GO_0043123Biological processpositive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
GO_0070212Biological processprotein poly-ADP-ribosylation
GO_0006915Biological processapoptotic process
GO_0070213Biological processprotein auto-ADP-ribosylation
GO_0007179Biological processtransforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
GO_1900182Biological processpositive regulation of protein localization to nucleus
GO_0032993Cellular componentprotein-DNA complex
GO_0005634Cellular componentnucleus
GO_0043596Cellular componentnuclear replication fork
GO_0005730Cellular componentnucleolus
GO_0005654Cellular componentnucleoplasm
GO_0016604Cellular componentnuclear body
GO_0035861Cellular componentsite of double-strand break
GO_0016020Cellular componentmembrane
GO_0005739Cellular componentmitochondrion
GO_0032991Cellular componentprotein-containing complex
GO_0090734Cellular componentsite of DNA damage
GO_0000781Cellular componentchromosome, telomeric region
GO_0000785Cellular componentchromatin
GO_0005667Cellular componenttranscription regulator complex
GO_0005635Cellular componentnuclear envelope
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0140807Molecular functionNAD+-protein-glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0051287Molecular functionNAD binding
GO_0042802Molecular functionidentical protein binding
GO_0031625Molecular functionubiquitin protein ligase binding
GO_0140806Molecular functionNAD+- protein-aspartate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0008270Molecular functionzinc ion binding
GO_1990404Molecular functionNAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0003682Molecular functionchromatin binding
GO_0140805Molecular functionNAD+-protein-serine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0140815Molecular functionNAD+-protein-histidine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0061629Molecular functionRNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding
GO_0140537Molecular functiontranscription regulator activator activity
GO_0140294Molecular functionNAD DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0140817Molecular functionNAD+-histone H3S10 serine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0042826Molecular functionhistone deacetylase binding
GO_0016779Molecular functionnucleotidyltransferase activity
GO_0019899Molecular functionenzyme binding
GO_0003950Molecular functionNAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0030331Molecular functionnuclear estrogen receptor binding
GO_0003723Molecular functionRNA binding
GO_0031491Molecular functionnucleosome binding
GO_0140822Molecular functionNAD+-histone H2BE35 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0140808Molecular functionNAD+-protein-tyrosine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding
GO_0003677Molecular functionDNA binding
GO_0042803Molecular functionprotein homodimerization activity
GO_0070412Molecular functionR-SMAD binding
GO_0140816Molecular functionNAD+-histone H2BS6 serine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO_0019901Molecular functionprotein kinase binding
GO_0003684Molecular functiondamaged DNA binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene namePARP1
Protein namePARP1 protein
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.30)
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) (EC 2.4.2.30) (ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1) (ARTD1) (DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1) (EC 2.4.2.-) (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 1) (ADPRT 1) (Poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1) (Protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1) (EC 2.4.2.-) [Cleaved into: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, processed C-terminus (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, 89-kDa form); Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, processed N-terminus (NT-PARP-1) (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, 24-kDa form) (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, 28-kDa form)]
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (EC 2.4.2.30)
SynonymsPPOL
ADPRT
DescriptionFUNCTION: Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair . Mediates glutamate, aspartate, serine, histidine or tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of proteins: the ADP-D-ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of target residues and further ADP-ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units . Serine ADP-ribosylation of proteins constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage . Specificity for the different amino acids is conferred by interacting factors, such as HPF1 and NMNAT1 . Following interaction with HPF1, catalyzes serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins; HPF1 confers serine specificity by completing the PARP1 active site . Also catalyzes tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins following interaction with HPF1 . Following interaction with NMNAT1, catalyzes glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins; NMNAT1 confers glutamate and aspartate specificity (By similarity). PARP1 initiates the repair of DNA breaks: recognizes and binds DNA breaks within chromatin and recruits HPF1, licensing serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins, such as histones (H2BS6ADPr and H3S10ADPr), thereby promoting decompaction of chromatin and the recruitment of repair factors leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks . HPF1 initiates serine ADP-ribosylation but restricts the polymerase activity of PARP1 in order to limit the length of poly-ADP-ribose chains . In addition to base excision repair (BER) pathway, also involved in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair: together with TIMELESS, accumulates at DNA damage sites and promotes homologous recombination repair by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation . Mediates the poly-ADP-ribosylation of a number of proteins, including itself, APLF, CHFR, RPA1 and NFAT5 . In addition to proteins, also able to ADP-ribosylate DNA: catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of DNA strand break termini containing terminal phosphates and a 2'-OH group in single- and double-stranded DNA, respectively . Required for PARP9 and DTX3L recruitment to DNA damage sites . PARP1-dependent PARP9-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites . PARP1-mediated DNA repair in neurons plays a role in sleep: senses DNA damage in neurons and promotes sleep, facilitating efficient DNA repair (By similarity). In addition to DNA repair, also involved in other processes, such as transcription regulation, programmed cell death, membrane repair, adipogenesis and innate immunity . Acts as a repressor of transcription: binds to nucleosomes and modulates chromatin structure in a manner similar to histone H1, thereby altering RNA polymerase II . Acts both as a positive and negative regulator of transcription elongation, depending on the context . Acts as a positive regulator of transcription elongation by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation of NELFE, preventing RNA-binding activity of NELFE and relieving transcription pausing . Acts as a negative regulator of transcription elongation in response to DNA damage by catalyzing poly-ADP-ribosylation of CCNT1, disrupting the phase separation activity of CCNT1 and subsequent activation of CDK9 . Involved in replication fork progression following interaction with CARM1: mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation at replication forks, slowing fork progression . Poly-ADP-ribose chains generated by PARP1 also play a role in poly-ADP-ribose-dependent cell death, a process named parthanatos (By similarity). Also acts as a negative regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway . Acts by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation of CGAS: PARP1 translocates into the cytosol following phosphorylation by PRKDC and catalyzes poly-ADP-ribosylation and inactivation of CGAS . Acts as a negative regulator of adipogenesis: catalyzes poly-ADP-ribosylation of histone H2B on 'Glu-35' (H2BE35ADPr) following interaction with NMNAT1, inhibiting phosphorylation of H2B at 'Ser-36' (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (By similarity). Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with NMNAT1, PARG and NUDT5 . Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming . .; FUNCTION: [Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, processed C-terminus]: Promotes AIFM1-mediated apoptosis . This form, which translocates into the cytoplasm following cleavage by caspase-3 (CASP3) and caspase-7 (CASP7) in response to apoptosis, is auto-poly-ADP-ribosylated and serves as a poly-ADP-ribose carrier to induce AIFM1-mediated apoptosis . .; FUNCTION: [Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, processed N-terminus]: This cleavage form irreversibly binds to DNA breaks and interferes with DNA repair, promoting DNA damage-induced apoptosis. .

FUNCTION: Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair. .; FUNCTION: This cleavage form irreversibly binds to DNA breaks and interferes with DNA repair, promoting DNA damage-induced apoptosis. .

AccessionsA0A7I2V625
A0A7I2V5E9
ENST00000677203.1
Q6PJL0
A0A7I2V384
ENST00000677091.1
A0A7I2V3E1
ENST00000678144.1
ENST00000678560.1
P09874
ENST00000366794.10
Q05D33