ADAR report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0006382Biological processadenosine to inosine editing
GO_0002244Biological processhematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation
GO_0006397Biological processmRNA processing
GO_0016553Biological processbase conversion or substitution editing
GO_0044387Biological processnegative regulation of protein kinase activity by regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO_0006396Biological processRNA processing
GO_0001649Biological processosteoblast differentiation
GO_0045087Biological processinnate immune response
GO_0009615Biological processresponse to virus
GO_0051607Biological processdefense response to virus
GO_0035455Biological processresponse to interferon-alpha
GO_1903944Biological processnegative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process
GO_0061484Biological processhematopoietic stem cell homeostasis
GO_0002566Biological processsomatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation
GO_0045070Biological processpositive regulation of viral genome replication
GO_0031054Biological processpre-miRNA processing
GO_0098586Biological processcellular response to virus
GO_0030218Biological processerythrocyte differentiation
GO_0060216Biological processdefinitive hemopoiesis
GO_0097284Biological processhepatocyte apoptotic process
GO_1900369Biological processnegative regulation of post-transcriptional gene silencing by regulatory ncRNA
GO_0070922Biological processRISC complex assembly
GO_0060339Biological processnegative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
GO_0005730Cellular componentnucleolus
GO_0016020Cellular componentmembrane
GO_0005654Cellular componentnucleoplasm
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0005737Cellular componentcytoplasm
GO_0044530Cellular componentsupraspliceosomal complex
GO_0005634Cellular componentnucleus
GO_0003677Molecular functionDNA binding
GO_0003726Molecular functiondouble-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase activity
GO_0046872Molecular functionmetal ion binding
GO_0003723Molecular functionRNA binding
GO_0008251Molecular functiontRNA-specific adenosine deaminase activity
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding
GO_0003725Molecular functiondouble-stranded RNA binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameADAR
Protein nameDouble-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (DRADA) (EC 3.5.4.37) (136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein) (p136) (Interferon-inducible protein 4) (IFI-4) (K88DSRBP)
Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1-A
Adenosine deaminase RNA specific (Truncated adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1-A)
Adenosine deaminase RNA specific
Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase
SynonymsG1P1
IFI4
ADAR1
DSRAD
DescriptionFUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing . This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins since the translational machinery read the inosine as a guanosine; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can be editing-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNA editing at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viral particles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR and the Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated as amber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the large delta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibit HDV replication. .

AccessionsENST00000680305.1
ENST00000648311.1 [P55265-5]
ENST00000648871.1
ENST00000649749.1 [P55265-5]
ENST00000649022
A0A7P0Z4F9
ENST00000681056.1 [P55265-5]
A2IBT1
A0A3B3ISU1
A0A7P0Z4K3
ENST00000649042.1 [P55265-5]
ENST00000368474.9 [P55265-1]
ENST00000681901.1
ENST00000649022.2 [P55265-5]
ENST00000680270.1 [P55265-5]
ENST00000649408.2
A0A3B3ITG9
ENST00000679375.1
ENST00000681683.1 [P55265-5]
A0A3B3ISX1
A2IBT2
ENST00000529168.2 [P55265-2]
ENST00000648231.2 [P55265-5]
A0A3B3IRQ9
ENST00000649724.1 [P55265-5]
A0A7P0TA14
ENST00000679899.1
ENST00000368471.8 [P55265-5]
ENST00000681235.1
P55265
ENST00000648714.2