MDK report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0030279Biological processnegative regulation of ossification
GO_0044849Biological processestrous cycle
GO_0051781Biological processpositive regulation of cell division
GO_0071673Biological processpositive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis
GO_0010996Biological processresponse to auditory stimulus
GO_2000347Biological processpositive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation
GO_0010976Biological processpositive regulation of neuron projection development
GO_0045582Biological processpositive regulation of T cell differentiation
GO_0046850Biological processregulation of bone remodeling
GO_1905653Biological processpositive regulation of artery morphogenesis
GO_0030421Biological processdefecation
GO_2001224Biological processpositive regulation of neuron migration
GO_0007165Biological processsignal transduction
GO_0032735Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-12 production
GO_0021542Biological processdentate gyrus development
GO_0007162Biological processnegative regulation of cell adhesion
GO_0050795Biological processregulation of behavior
GO_1903039Biological processpositive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
GO_1905564Biological processpositive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation
GO_0007010Biological processcytoskeleton organization
GO_0045785Biological processpositive regulation of cell adhesion
GO_0010838Biological processpositive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation
GO_0042246Biological processtissue regeneration
GO_0090090Biological processnegative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
GO_0010759Biological processpositive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis
GO_1905555Biological processpositive regulation of blood vessel branching
GO_0035556Biological processintracellular signal transduction
GO_2000179Biological processpositive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation
GO_0045893Biological processpositive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
GO_0030335Biological processpositive regulation of cell migration
GO_0030154Biological processcell differentiation
GO_0048714Biological processpositive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO_0030325Biological processadrenal gland development
GO_1904036Biological processnegative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process
GO_0106091Biological processglial cell projection elongation
GO_0090023Biological processpositive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis
GO_0010718Biological processpositive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO_0001662Biological processbehavioral fear response
GO_1900026Biological processpositive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading
GO_0002232Biological processleukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response
GO_0021987Biological processcerebral cortex development
GO_0021681Biological processcerebellar granular layer development
GO_0050729Biological processpositive regulation of inflammatory response
GO_0010667Biological processnegative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
GO_0045590Biological processnegative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation
GO_0106015Biological processnegative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding
GO_0106016Biological processpositive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding
GO_1904996Biological processpositive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell
GO_0032330Biological processregulation of chondrocyte differentiation
GO_0043524Biological processnegative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
GO_0009611Biological processresponse to wounding
GO_0048477Biological processoogenesis
GO_0007399Biological processnervous system development
GO_0002690Biological processpositive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis
GO_0007614Biological processshort-term memory
GO_0061036Biological processpositive regulation of cartilage development
GO_0002286Biological processT cell activation involved in immune response
GO_2000391Biological processpositive regulation of neutrophil extravasation
GO_0005576Cellular componentextracellular region
GO_0062023Cellular componentcollagen-containing extracellular matrix
GO_0008201Molecular functionheparin binding
GO_1904399Molecular functionheparan sulfate binding
GO_0008083Molecular functiongrowth factor activity
GO_0035374Molecular functionchondroitin sulfate binding
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameMDK
Protein nameMidkine
Mutant truncated midkine B
Mutant truncated midkine C
Midkine (MK) (Amphiregulin-associated protein) (ARAP) (Midgestation and kidney protein) (Neurite outgrowth-promoting factor 2) (Neurite outgrowth-promoting protein)
SynonymsMK1
NEGF2
DescriptionFUNCTION: Secreted protein that functions as a cytokine and growth factor and mediates its signal through cell-surface proteoglycan and non-proteoglycan receptors . Binds cell-surface proteoglycan receptors via their chondroitin sulfate (CS) groups . Thereby regulates many processes like inflammatory response, cell proliferation, cell adhesion, cell growth, cell survival, tissue regeneration, cell differentiation and cell migration . Participates in inflammatory processes by exerting two different activities. Firstly, mediates neutrophils and macrophages recruitment to the sites of inflammation both by direct action by cooperating namely with ITGB2 via LRP1 and by inducing chemokine expression . This inflammation can be accompanied by epithelial cell survival and smooth muscle cell migration after renal and vessel damage, respectively . Secondly, suppresses the development of tolerogenic dendric cells thereby inhibiting the differentiation of regulatory T cells and also promote T cell expansion through NFAT signaling and Th1 cell differentiation . Promotes tissue regeneration after injury or trauma. After heart damage negatively regulates the recruitment of inflammatory cells and mediates cell survival through activation of anti-apoptotic signaling pathways via MAPKs and AKT pathways through the activation of angiogenesis (By similarity). Also facilitates liver regeneration as well as bone repair by recruiting macrophage at trauma site and by promoting cartilage development by facilitating chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity). Plays a role in brain by promoting neural precursor cells survival and growth through interaction with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (By similarity). Binds PTPRZ1 and promotes neuronal migration and embryonic neurons survival . Binds SDC3 or GPC2 and mediates neurite outgrowth and cell adhesion . Binds chondroitin sulfate E and heparin leading to inhibition of neuronal cell adhesion induced by binding with GPC2 . Binds CSPG5 and promotes elongation of oligodendroglial precursor-like cells (By similarity). Also binds ITGA6:ITGB1 complex; this interaction mediates MDK-induced neurite outgrowth . Binds LRP1; promotes neuronal survival . Binds ITGA4:ITGB1 complex; this interaction mediates MDK-induced osteoblast cells migration through PXN phosphorylation . Binds anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) which induces ALK activation and subsequent phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS1), followed by the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3-kinase, and the induction of cell proliferation . Promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition through interaction with NOTCH2 . During arteriogenesis, plays a role in vascular endothelial cell proliferation by inducing VEGFA expression and release which in turn induces nitric oxide synthase expression. Moreover activates vasodilation through nitric oxide synthase activation (By similarity). Negatively regulates bone formation in response to mechanical load by inhibiting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in osteoblasts (By similarity). In addition plays a role in hippocampal development, working memory, auditory response, early fetal adrenal gland development and the female reproductive system (By similarity). .

AccessionsE9PPJ5
ENST00000533952.5
ENST00000405308.6 [P21741-1]
ENST00000407067.1 [P21741-1]
ENST00000395565.5 [P21741-1]
E9PLM6
ENST00000395566.9 [P21741-1]
ENST00000359803.7 [P21741-1]
Q2LEK3
ENST00000441869.5
C9JHA4
Q2LEK2
ENST00000395569.8 [P21741-2]
P21741
ENST00000489525.5