GLUL | OmnibusX

I. Expression across cell types

Name	Number of supported studies	Average coverage
macrophage	50 studies	66% ± 22%	Explore
fibroblast	41 studies	43% ± 16%	Explore
endothelial cell	38 studies	38% ± 15%	Explore
classical monocyte	29 studies	54% ± 17%	Explore
mast cell	28 studies	64% ± 20%	Explore
pericyte	28 studies	35% ± 13%	Explore
conventional dendritic cell	28 studies	41% ± 17%	Explore
monocyte	27 studies	51% ± 22%	Explore
smooth muscle cell	26 studies	35% ± 10%	Explore
non-classical monocyte	26 studies	58% ± 16%	Explore
astrocyte	23 studies	70% ± 20%	Explore
natural killer cell	22 studies	22% ± 5%	Explore
epithelial cell	22 studies	51% ± 22%	Explore
dendritic cell	21 studies	40% ± 19%	Explore
basal cell	21 studies	58% ± 23%	Explore
ciliated cell	19 studies	62% ± 20%	Explore
endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel	19 studies	41% ± 13%	Explore
microglial cell	19 studies	42% ± 22%	Explore
oligodendrocyte	17 studies	43% ± 14%	Explore
neutrophil	16 studies	56% ± 17%	Explore
connective tissue cell	16 studies	40% ± 11%	Explore
myeloid cell	16 studies	55% ± 19%	Explore
myofibroblast cell	14 studies	33% ± 8%	Explore
T cell	12 studies	26% ± 10%	Explore
plasmacytoid dendritic cell	12 studies	29% ± 11%	Explore
mature NK T cell	12 studies	22% ± 5%	Explore
endothelial cell of artery	12 studies	46% ± 21%	Explore
endothelial cell of vascular tree	12 studies	35% ± 12%	Explore
erythrocyte	11 studies	44% ± 18%	Explore
secretory cell	11 studies	60% ± 23%	Explore
capillary endothelial cell	11 studies	37% ± 15%	Explore
goblet cell	10 studies	48% ± 17%	Explore
vein endothelial cell	10 studies	40% ± 15%	Explore
adipocyte	10 studies	39% ± 14%	Explore
club cell	9 studies	60% ± 26%	Explore
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell	9 studies	19% ± 2%	Explore
alveolar macrophage	8 studies	82% ± 14%	Explore
type I pneumocyte	8 studies	33% ± 11%	Explore
platelet	8 studies	27% ± 9%	Explore
mononuclear phagocyte	8 studies	50% ± 18%	Explore
leukocyte	8 studies	41% ± 12%	Explore
mesothelial cell	8 studies	36% ± 12%	Explore
type II pneumocyte	7 studies	30% ± 10%	Explore
erythroblast	7 studies	38% ± 17%	Explore
abnormal cell	7 studies	40% ± 12%	Explore
CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human	7 studies	20% ± 2%	Explore
hematopoietic stem cell	7 studies	52% ± 19%	Explore
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell	7 studies	23% ± 3%	Explore
ionocyte	6 studies	37% ± 11%	Explore
respiratory goblet cell	6 studies	77% ± 11%	Explore
oligodendrocyte precursor cell	6 studies	25% ± 8%	Explore
kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell	6 studies	27% ± 6%	Explore
progenitor cell	6 studies	41% ± 16%	Explore
renal alpha-intercalated cell	6 studies	51% ± 11%	Explore
CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human	6 studies	18% ± 2%	Explore
mucus secreting cell	6 studies	41% ± 18%	Explore
intermediate monocyte	6 studies	67% ± 22%	Explore
hepatocyte	6 studies	43% ± 27%	Explore
gamma-delta T cell	6 studies	27% ± 15%	Explore
hematopoietic precursor cell	5 studies	50% ± 5%	Explore
CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell	5 studies	17% ± 2%	Explore
duct epithelial cell	5 studies	68% ± 18%	Explore
enteroendocrine cell	5 studies	37% ± 10%	Explore
precursor B cell	5 studies	40% ± 16%	Explore
brush cell	5 studies	51% ± 23%	Explore
amacrine cell	5 studies	46% ± 14%	Explore
retinal pigment epithelial cell	5 studies	58% ± 25%	Explore
adventitial cell	5 studies	45% ± 16%	Explore
Mueller cell	5 studies	93% ± 7%	Explore
deuterosomal cell	4 studies	51% ± 9%	Explore
squamous epithelial cell	4 studies	57% ± 16%	Explore
GABAergic neuron	4 studies	26% ± 3%	Explore
kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell	4 studies	29% ± 4%	Explore
neuron	4 studies	40% ± 13%	Explore
glial cell	4 studies	30% ± 14%	Explore
lymphocyte	4 studies	32% ± 7%	Explore
pro-B cell	4 studies	39% ± 10%	Explore
innate lymphoid cell	4 studies	24% ± 9%	Explore
inflammatory macrophage	4 studies	55% ± 13%	Explore
luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland	4 studies	55% ± 12%	Explore
granulocyte	4 studies	84% ± 13%	Explore
luminal cell of prostate epithelium	4 studies	29% ± 9%	Explore
intestinal crypt stem cell	4 studies	24% ± 5%	Explore
CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell	4 studies	19% ± 4%	Explore
hillock cell	3 studies	59% ± 17%	Explore
precursor cell	3 studies	59% ± 13%	Explore
podocyte	3 studies	46% ± 3%	Explore
epithelial cell of proximal tubule	3 studies	21% ± 5%	Explore
neural crest cell	3 studies	29% ± 2%	Explore
ON-bipolar cell	3 studies	21% ± 4%	Explore
GABAergic amacrine cell	3 studies	42% ± 4%	Explore
retinal ganglion cell	3 studies	34% ± 11%	Explore
renal principal cell	3 studies	33% ± 9%	Explore
megakaryocyte	3 studies	48% ± 4%	Explore
neuroendocrine cell	3 studies	46% ± 14%	Explore
immature B cell	3 studies	25% ± 6%	Explore
retina horizontal cell	3 studies	29% ± 6%	Explore
retinal cone cell	3 studies	23% ± 4%	Explore
retinal rod cell	3 studies	19% ± 4%	Explore
serous secreting cell	3 studies	56% ± 20%	Explore
tissue-resident macrophage	3 studies	75% ± 16%	Explore
acinar cell	3 studies	44% ± 21%	Explore
effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell	3 studies	20% ± 3%	Explore
monocyte-derived dendritic cell	3 studies	49% ± 4%	Explore
muscle cell	3 studies	38% ± 12%	Explore
pancreatic ductal cell	3 studies	53% ± 27%	Explore
megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell	3 studies	71% ± 16%	Explore
Schwann cell	3 studies	59% ± 18%	Explore
transit amplifying cell	3 studies	40% ± 27%	Explore
keratinocyte	3 studies	23% ± 5%	Explore
progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium	3 studies	29% ± 9%	Explore

II. Expression across tissues

Name	Number of supported studies	Average coverage
lung	19 studies	47% ± 16%	Explore
brain	17 studies	31% ± 14%	Explore
peripheral blood	16 studies	25% ± 9%	Explore
intestine	10 studies	28% ± 14%	Explore
eye	9 studies	38% ± 16%	Explore
liver	8 studies	37% ± 20%	Explore
kidney	7 studies	28% ± 8%	Explore
uterus	6 studies	39% ± 11%	Explore
prostate	5 studies	36% ± 14%	Explore
skin	5 studies	23% ± 8%	Explore
breast	5 studies	32% ± 9%	Explore
bone marrow	4 studies	25% ± 6%	Explore
esophagus	4 studies	35% ± 13%	Explore
placenta	3 studies	32% ± 7%	Explore
ovary	3 studies	38% ± 10%	Explore
heart	3 studies	16% ± 1%	Explore
adipose	3 studies	34% ± 10%	Explore
pancreas	3 studies	31% ± 12%	Explore
thymus	3 studies	47% ± 18%	Explore

Tissue	GTEx Coverage	GTEx Average TPM	GTEx Number of samples	TCGA Coverage	TCGA Average TPM	TCGA Number of samples
breast	98%	158389.79	451 / 459	100%	374.25	1116 / 1118
thymus	99%	63314.94	648 / 653	99%	187.28	597 / 605
brain	96%	100124.20	2549 / 2642	100%	518.00	705 / 705
ovary	99%	109099.99	179 / 180	96%	95.92	414 / 430
lung	99%	84939.58	573 / 578	96%	200.20	1110 / 1155
bladder	95%	60613.57	20 / 21	91%	118.91	459 / 504
stomach	99%	134768.24	354 / 359	84%	81.12	240 / 286
esophagus	87%	78822.05	1258 / 1445	88%	129.37	161 / 183
uterus	78%	31034.62	133 / 170	96%	179.13	441 / 459
intestine	78%	40961.50	751 / 966	87%	88.32	459 / 527
prostate	71%	26976.49	174 / 245	93%	95.25	469 / 502
skin	81%	53606.23	1468 / 1809	82%	99.22	389 / 472
pancreas	65%	22100.62	213 / 328	97%	144.15	173 / 178
liver	36%	10495.43	81 / 226	93%	710.77	379 / 406
kidney	22%	8509.46	20 / 89	82%	95.66	742 / 901
ureter	0%	0	0 / 0	100%	49.97	1 / 1
adipose	99%	196260.20	1187 / 1204	0%	0	0 / 0
spleen	95%	59232.42	229 / 241	0%	0	0 / 0
muscle	95%	231318.60	760 / 803	0%	0	0 / 0
tonsil	0%	0	0 / 0	93%	276.57	42 / 45
lymph node	0%	0	0 / 0	83%	145.36	24 / 29
blood vessel	79%	57346.83	1056 / 1335	0%	0	0 / 0
peripheral blood	75%	60564.33	697 / 929	0%	0	0 / 0
eye	0%	0	0 / 0	70%	54.74	56 / 80
adrenal gland	36%	11608.30	93 / 258	21%	17.09	48 / 230
heart	51%	16998.59	435 / 861	0%	0	0 / 0
abdomen	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
bone marrow	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
diaphragm	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
gingiva	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nasal cavity	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nasopharynx	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nose	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
placenta	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
spinal column	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0001525	Biological process	angiogenesis
GO_0008283	Biological process	cell population proliferation
GO_0042254	Biological process	ribosome biogenesis
GO_0009749	Biological process	response to glucose
GO_0010594	Biological process	regulation of endothelial cell migration
GO_1903670	Biological process	regulation of sprouting angiogenesis
GO_0009267	Biological process	cellular response to starvation
GO_1904749	Biological process	regulation of protein localization to nucleolus
GO_0006538	Biological process	glutamate catabolic process
GO_0006542	Biological process	glutamine biosynthetic process
GO_0018345	Biological process	protein palmitoylation
GO_0005886	Cellular component	plasma membrane
GO_0005739	Cellular component	mitochondrion
GO_0070062	Cellular component	extracellular exosome
GO_0005783	Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum
GO_0005829	Cellular component	cytosol
GO_0005737	Cellular component	cytoplasm
GO_0044297	Cellular component	cell body
GO_0097386	Cellular component	glial cell projection
GO_0005634	Cellular component	nucleus
GO_0004356	Molecular function	glutamine synthetase activity
GO_0042802	Molecular function	identical protein binding
GO_0019706	Molecular function	protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity
GO_0046872	Molecular function	metal ion binding
GO_0005524	Molecular function	ATP binding
GO_0005515	Molecular function	protein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]

Gene name	GLUL
Protein name	Glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) Glutamine synthetase (GS) (EC 6.3.1.2) (Glutamate--ammonia ligase) (Palmitoyltransferase GLUL) (EC 2.3.1.225)
Synonyms	hCG_24393 GLNS PIG59
Description	FUNCTION: Glutamine synthetase that catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine . Its role depends on tissue localization: in the brain, it regulates the levels of toxic ammonia and converts neurotoxic glutamate to harmless glutamine, whereas in the liver, it is one of the enzymes responsible for the removal of ammonia (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts . Independently of its glutamine synthetase activity, required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development: acts by regulating membrane localization and activation of the GTPase RHOJ, possibly by promoting RHOJ palmitoylation . May act as a palmitoyltransferase for RHOJ: able to autopalmitoylate and then transfer the palmitoyl group to RHOJ . Plays a role in ribosomal 40S subunit biogenesis . .
Accessions	A0A2R8YDT1 ENST00000339526.8 ENST00000642379.1 A8YXX4 ENST00000311223.9 ENST00000417584.6 A1L199 P15104 ENST00000331872.11

GLUL report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

IV. Literature review