NOD2 report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

sc-RNAseq data

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of NOD2 at tissue level.

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0007584Biological processresponse to nutrient
GO_0007254Biological processJNK cascade
GO_1901224Biological processpositive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
GO_0034136Biological processnegative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway
GO_1902523Biological processpositive regulation of protein K63-linked ubiquitination
GO_0046645Biological processpositive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation
GO_0032495Biological processresponse to muramyl dipeptide
GO_0043330Biological processresponse to exogenous dsRNA
GO_0002606Biological processpositive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation
GO_0002862Biological processnegative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
GO_0032098Biological processregulation of appetite
GO_0051092Biological processpositive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO_0002815Biological processbiosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria
GO_0032701Biological processnegative regulation of interleukin-18 production
GO_0006909Biological processphagocytosis
GO_1901526Biological processpositive regulation of mitophagy
GO_0032689Biological processnegative regulation of type II interferon production
GO_0001659Biological processtemperature homeostasis
GO_0032720Biological processnegative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
GO_0070374Biological processpositive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO_0032740Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-17 production
GO_0036335Biological processintestinal stem cell homeostasis
GO_0002221Biological processpattern recognition receptor signaling pathway
GO_0002925Biological processpositive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin
GO_0016045Biological processdetection of bacterium
GO_0034976Biological processresponse to endoplasmic reticulum stress
GO_0045087Biological processinnate immune response
GO_0032498Biological processdetection of muramyl dipeptide
GO_0032695Biological processnegative regulation of interleukin-12 production
GO_0050727Biological processregulation of inflammatory response
GO_1900017Biological processpositive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
GO_0051403Biological processstress-activated MAPK cascade
GO_0050679Biological processpositive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
GO_0070371Biological processERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO_0032757Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-8 production
GO_0002710Biological processnegative regulation of T cell mediated immunity
GO_0009595Biological processdetection of biotic stimulus
GO_0071222Biological processcellular response to lipopolysaccharide
GO_0070431Biological processnucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway
GO_0032760Biological processpositive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
GO_0032755Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-6 production
GO_0098792Biological processxenophagy
GO_0032874Biological processpositive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade
GO_0030277Biological processmaintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium
GO_0051770Biological processpositive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process
GO_0032703Biological processnegative regulation of interleukin-2 production
GO_0071224Biological processcellular response to peptidoglycan
GO_0048874Biological processhost-mediated regulation of intestinal microbiota composition
GO_0032731Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
GO_0140367Biological processantibacterial innate immune response
GO_0071639Biological processpositive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production
GO_0060907Biological processpositive regulation of macrophage cytokine production
GO_0034134Biological processtoll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway
GO_0045944Biological processpositive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
GO_0050871Biological processpositive regulation of B cell activation
GO_0050766Biological processpositive regulation of phagocytosis
GO_2000110Biological processnegative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process
GO_0002720Biological processpositive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response
GO_0046330Biological processpositive regulation of JNK cascade
GO_0032735Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-12 production
GO_0032733Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-10 production
GO_0043410Biological processpositive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO_0051649Biological processestablishment of localization in cell
GO_0090022Biological processregulation of neutrophil chemotaxis
GO_0006965Biological processpositive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria
GO_1904417Biological processpositive regulation of xenophagy
GO_0002250Biological processadaptive immune response
GO_0002732Biological processpositive regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production
GO_0035556Biological processintracellular signal transduction
GO_0050731Biological processpositive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO_0043123Biological processpositive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
GO_0042742Biological processdefense response to bacterium
GO_0010936Biological processnegative regulation of macrophage cytokine production
GO_0002227Biological processinnate immune response in mucosa
GO_0045747Biological processpositive regulation of Notch signaling pathway
GO_0071225Biological processcellular response to muramyl dipeptide
GO_0071407Biological processcellular response to organic cyclic compound
GO_0006952Biological processdefense response
GO_0002830Biological processpositive regulation of type 2 immune response
GO_0005856Cellular componentcytoskeleton
GO_0009986Cellular componentcell surface
GO_0016323Cellular componentbasolateral plasma membrane
GO_0019897Cellular componentextrinsic component of plasma membrane
GO_0045335Cellular componentphagocytic vesicle
GO_0005886Cellular componentplasma membrane
GO_0005739Cellular componentmitochondrion
GO_0032991Cellular componentprotein-containing complex
GO_0005794Cellular componentGolgi apparatus
GO_0005737Cellular componentcytoplasm
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0031982Cellular componentvesicle
GO_0038187Molecular functionpattern recognition receptor activity
GO_0051879Molecular functionHsp90 protein binding
GO_0005524Molecular functionATP binding
GO_0032500Molecular functionmuramyl dipeptide binding
GO_0030544Molecular functionHsp70 protein binding
GO_0003779Molecular functionactin binding
GO_0043130Molecular functionubiquitin binding
GO_0019899Molecular functionenzyme binding
GO_0043531Molecular functionADP binding
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding
GO_0050700Molecular functionCARD domain binding
GO_0042834Molecular functionpeptidoglycan binding
GO_0044877Molecular functionprotein-containing complex binding
GO_0019901Molecular functionprotein kinase binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameNOD2
Protein nameNucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15) (Inflammatory bowel disease protein 1)
CARD15
NOD2 protein
Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2
NOD2
NOD2 (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2)
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2
SynonymsCARD15
DescriptionFUNCTION: Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that detects bacterial peptidoglycan fragments and other danger signals and plays an important role in gastrointestinal immunity . Specifically activated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan found in every bacterial peptidoglycan type . NOD2 specifically recognizes and binds 6-O-phospho-MDP, the phosphorylated form of MDP, which is generated by NAGK . 6-O-phospho-MDP-binding triggers oligomerization that facilitates the binding and subsequent activation of the proximal adapter receptor-interacting RIPK2 . Following recruitment, RIPK2 undergoes 'Met-1'- (linear) and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases XIAP, BIRC2, BIRC3 and the LUBAC complex, becoming a scaffolding protein for downstream effectors, triggering activation of the NF-kappa-B and MAP kinases signaling . This in turn leads to the transcriptional activation of hundreds of genes involved in immune response . Its ability to detect bacterial MDP plays a central role in maintaining the equilibrium between intestinal microbiota and host immune responses to control inflammation (By similarity). An imbalance in this relationship results in dysbiosis, whereby pathogenic bacteria prevail on commensals, causing damage in the intestinal epithelial barrier as well as allowing bacterial invasion and inflammation (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of appetite by sensing MDP in a subset of brain neurons: microbiota-derived MDP reach the brain, where they bind and activate NOD2 in inhibitory hypothalamic neurons, decreasing neuronal activity, thereby regulating satiety and body temperature (By similarity). NOD2-dependent MDP-sensing of bacterial cell walls in the intestinal epithelial compartment contributes to sustained postnatal growth upon undernutrition (By similarity). Also plays a role in antiviral response by acting as a sensor of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) from viruses: upon ssRNA-binding, interacts with MAVS, leading to activation of interferon regulatory factor-3/IRF3 and expression of type I interferon . Also acts as a regulator of autophagy in dendritic cells via its interaction with ATG16L1, possibly by recruiting ATG16L1 at the site of bacterial entry . NOD2 activation in the small intestine crypt also contributes to intestinal stem cells survival and function: acts by promoting mitophagy via its association with ATG16L1 (By similarity). In addition to its main role in innate immunity, also regulates the adaptive immune system by acting as regulator of helper T-cell and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) (By similarity). Besides recognizing pathogens, also involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response: acts by sensing and binding to the cytosolic metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate generated in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, initiating an inflammation process that leads to activation of the NF-kappa-B and MAP kinases signaling . May also be involved in NLRP1 activation following activation by MDP, leading to CASP1 activation and IL1B release in macrophages . .; FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Acts as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR); able to activate NF-kappa-B. .; FUNCTION: [Isoform 3]: Can activate NF-kappa-B in a muramyl dipeptide (MDP)-independent manner. .

AccessionsQ7Z595
ENST00000534057.1
E9PLF7
ENST00000527052.5
H0YF53
A7KZQ9
B5A7D5
E9PK30
A0A3S6A229
B5B2Z4
B5B2Z5
B5B2Z6
A0A8V8TL25
ENST00000524712.5
D9N2T7
ENST00000641284.2
A3FA72
ENST00000300589.6 [Q9HC29-1]
ENST00000697426.1
ENST00000527070.5
J3QL80
ENST00000529633.5
A0A286YF65
ENST00000697425.1
Q7Z597
ENST00000647318.2 [Q9HC29-2]
A0A386TXE7
Q9HC29
ENST00000531674.1
A7KZQ8
ENST00000646677.2
ENST00000534067.5
Q7Z596
ENST00000697427.1
A7KZR0