GSDMD report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0051260Biological processprotein homooligomerization
GO_0006954Biological processinflammatory response
GO_0055085Biological processtransmembrane transport
GO_0045087Biological processinnate immune response
GO_0050829Biological processdefense response to Gram-negative bacterium
GO_0070269Biological processpyroptotic inflammatory response
GO_0046931Biological processpore complex assembly
GO_0032731Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
GO_0050830Biological processdefense response to Gram-positive bacterium
GO_0042742Biological processdefense response to bacterium
GO_0050729Biological processpositive regulation of inflammatory response
GO_0009306Biological processprotein secretion
GO_0005615Cellular componentextracellular space
GO_0072559Cellular componentNLRP3 inflammasome complex
GO_0005576Cellular componentextracellular region
GO_0005886Cellular componentplasma membrane
GO_0035580Cellular componentspecific granule lumen
GO_0016020Cellular componentmembrane
GO_0031966Cellular componentmitochondrial membrane
GO_0005654Cellular componentnucleoplasm
GO_1904724Cellular componenttertiary granule lumen
GO_1904813Cellular componentficolin-1-rich granule lumen
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0005546Molecular functionphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding
GO_0001786Molecular functionphosphatidylserine binding
GO_0022829Molecular functionwide pore channel activity
GO_0070300Molecular functionphosphatidic acid binding
GO_1901612Molecular functioncardiolipin binding
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding
GO_0070273Molecular functionphosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameGSDMD
Protein nameGasdermin domain containing 1, isoform CRA_d (Gasdermin-D)
Gasdermin-D (Gasdermin domain-containing protein 1) [Cleaved into: Gasdermin-D, N-terminal (GSDMD-NT) (hGSDMD-NTD); Gasdermin-D, C-terminal (GSDMD-CT) (hGSDMD-CTD); Gasdermin-D, p13 (Gasdermin-D, 13 kDa) (13 kDa GSDMD); Gasdermin-D, p40]
Gasdermin-D
SynonymsDFNA5L
GSDMDC1
FKSG10
hCG_32063
DescriptionFUNCTION: [Gasdermin-D]: Precursor of a pore-forming protein that plays a key role in host defense against pathogen infection and danger signals . This form constitutes the precursor of the pore-forming protein: upon cleavage, the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-D, N-terminal) binds to membranes and forms pores, triggering pyroptosis . .; FUNCTION: [Gasdermin-D, N-terminal]: Promotes pyroptosis in response to microbial infection and danger signals . Produced by the cleavage of gasdermin-D by inflammatory caspases CASP1, CASP4 or CASP5 in response to canonical, as well as non-canonical (such as cytosolic LPS) inflammasome activators . After cleavage, moves to the plasma membrane where it strongly binds to inner leaflet lipids, including monophosphorylated phosphatidylinositols, such as phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, bisphosphorylated phosphatidylinositols, such as phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate, as well as phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-bisphosphate, and more weakly to phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine . Homooligomerizes within the membrane and forms pores of 10-15 nanometers (nm) of inner diameter, allowing the release of mature interleukin-1 (IL1B and IL18) and triggering pyroptosis . Gasdermin pores also allow the release of mature caspase-7 (CASP7) (By similarity). In some, but not all, cells types, pyroptosis is followed by pyroptotic cell death, which is caused by downstream activation of ninjurins (NINJ1 or NINJ2), which mediate membrane rupture (cytolysis) . Also forms pores in the mitochondrial membrane, resulting in release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol (By similarity). Gasdermin-D, N-terminal released from pyroptotic cells into the extracellular milieu rapidly binds to and kills both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, without harming neighboring mammalian cells, as it does not disrupt the plasma membrane from the outside due to lipid-binding specificity . Under cell culture conditions, also active against intracellular bacteria, such as Listeria monocytogenes (By similarity). Also active in response to MAP3K7/TAK1 inactivation by Yersinia toxin YopJ, which triggers cleavage by CASP8 and subsequent activation (By similarity). Strongly binds to bacterial and mitochondrial lipids, including cardiolipin . Does not bind to unphosphorylated phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine nor phosphatidylcholine . .; FUNCTION: [Gasdermin-D, p13]: Transcription coactivator produced by the cleavage by CASP3 or CASP7 in the upper small intestine in response to dietary antigens (By similarity). Required to maintain food tolerance in small intestine: translocates to the nucleus and acts as a coactivator for STAT1 to induce the transcription of CIITA and MHC class II molecules, which in turn induce type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells in upper small intestine (By similarity). .; FUNCTION: [Gasdermin-D, p40]: Produced by the cleavage by papain allergen . After cleavage, moves to the plasma membrane and homooligomerizes within the membrane and forms pores of 10-15 nanometers (nm) of inner diameter, allowing the specific release of mature interleukin-33 (IL33), promoting type 2 inflammatory immune response . .

AccessionsENST00000628703.2
ENST00000529854.1
E9PQR9
ENST00000631751.1
E9PNZ0
ENST00000525721.1
H0YDB0
G3V1A6
P57764
ENST00000631917.1
ENST00000525208.1
ENST00000633391.1
ENST00000533888.1
ENST00000615119.2
ENST00000533063.5
E9PRF1
E9PIB2
ENST00000533348.5
ENST00000632347.1
ENST00000262580.9
ENST00000632705.1
ENST00000534018.5
ENST00000631550.1
E9PQ48
ENST00000526406.5
ENST00000631389.1