MTOR report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0007040Biological processlysosome organization
GO_0007584Biological processresponse to nutrient
GO_0006954Biological processinflammatory response
GO_0016242Biological processnegative regulation of macroautophagy
GO_1990253Biological processcellular response to leucine starvation
GO_0070885Biological processnegative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
GO_0016236Biological processmacroautophagy
GO_0035264Biological processmulticellular organism growth
GO_0046889Biological processpositive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
GO_0009267Biological processcellular response to starvation
GO_0060048Biological processcardiac muscle contraction
GO_0010831Biological processpositive regulation of myotube differentiation
GO_0061431Biological processcellular response to methionine
GO_0002296Biological processT-helper 1 cell lineage commitment
GO_0031669Biological processcellular response to nutrient levels
GO_0043066Biological processnegative regulation of apoptotic process
GO_0051549Biological processpositive regulation of keratinocyte migration
GO_0030163Biological processprotein catabolic process
GO_0051897Biological processpositive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
GO_0006468Biological processprotein phosphorylation
GO_0045792Biological processnegative regulation of cell size
GO_0048511Biological processrhythmic process
GO_0031641Biological processregulation of myelination
GO_0050882Biological processvoluntary musculoskeletal movement
GO_0030838Biological processpositive regulation of actin filament polymerization
GO_0009408Biological processresponse to heat
GO_0043200Biological processresponse to amino acid
GO_0001558Biological processregulation of cell growth
GO_0031295Biological processT cell costimulation
GO_0010628Biological processpositive regulation of gene expression
GO_0031670Biological processcellular response to nutrient
GO_0090559Biological processregulation of membrane permeability
GO_0042752Biological processregulation of circadian rhythm
GO_1900034Biological processregulation of cellular response to heat
GO_0045670Biological processregulation of osteoclast differentiation
GO_0006207Biological process'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process
GO_1905857Biological processpositive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt
GO_0007281Biological processgerm cell development
GO_0071470Biological processcellular response to osmotic stress
GO_0019228Biological processneuronal action potential
GO_1901796Biological processregulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
GO_0045727Biological processpositive regulation of translation
GO_0046777Biological processprotein autophosphorylation
GO_0045821Biological processpositive regulation of glycolytic process
GO_0003007Biological processheart morphogenesis
GO_0038202Biological processTORC1 signaling
GO_0032869Biological processcellular response to insulin stimulus
GO_0051496Biological processpositive regulation of stress fiber assembly
GO_0055013Biological processcardiac muscle cell development
GO_0051647Biological processnucleus localization
GO_0003179Biological processheart valve morphogenesis
GO_0007010Biological processcytoskeleton organization
GO_0031648Biological processprotein destabilization
GO_1904059Biological processregulation of locomotor rhythm
GO_1903691Biological processpositive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells
GO_1905672Biological processnegative regulation of lysosome organization
GO_0048714Biological processpositive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO_2000785Biological processregulation of autophagosome assembly
GO_0071230Biological processcellular response to amino acid stimulus
GO_1904690Biological processpositive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation
GO_1900181Biological processnegative regulation of protein localization to nucleus
GO_0016310Biological processphosphorylation
GO_0048266Biological processbehavioral response to pain
GO_0071233Biological processcellular response to L-leucine
GO_0018105Biological processpeptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO_0045948Biological processpositive regulation of translational initiation
GO_0009791Biological processpost-embryonic development
GO_0031529Biological processruffle organization
GO_0030307Biological processpositive regulation of cell growth
GO_0031929Biological processTOR signaling
GO_0006974Biological processDNA damage response
GO_0010592Biological processpositive regulation of lamellipodium assembly
GO_0043276Biological processanoikis
GO_0033173Biological processcalcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
GO_0031667Biological processresponse to nutrient levels
GO_0050731Biological processpositive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO_0045945Biological processpositive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III
GO_0034198Biological processcellular response to amino acid starvation
GO_0048709Biological processoligodendrocyte differentiation
GO_0010507Biological processnegative regulation of autophagy
GO_0010718Biological processpositive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO_0008361Biological processregulation of cell size
GO_0016241Biological processregulation of macroautophagy
GO_1901838Biological processpositive regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I
GO_0032516Biological processpositive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
GO_0006112Biological processenergy reserve metabolic process
GO_0032956Biological processregulation of actin cytoskeleton organization
GO_0071456Biological processcellular response to hypoxia
GO_0012505Cellular componentendomembrane system
GO_0005789Cellular componentendoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO_0031931Cellular componentTORC1 complex
GO_0016605Cellular componentPML body
GO_0005634Cellular componentnucleus
GO_0031932Cellular componentTORC2 complex
GO_0005654Cellular componentnucleoplasm
GO_0030425Cellular componentdendrite
GO_0045335Cellular componentphagocytic vesicle
GO_0016020Cellular componentmembrane
GO_0005764Cellular componentlysosome
GO_0000139Cellular componentGolgi membrane
GO_0005737Cellular componentcytoplasm
GO_0005741Cellular componentmitochondrial outer membrane
GO_0005635Cellular componentnuclear envelope
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0005765Cellular componentlysosomal membrane
GO_0043022Molecular functionribosome binding
GO_0042802Molecular functionidentical protein binding
GO_0001006Molecular functionRNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
GO_0004672Molecular functionprotein kinase activity
GO_0005524Molecular functionATP binding
GO_0106310Molecular functionprotein serine kinase activity
GO_0004674Molecular functionprotein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding
GO_0001156Molecular functionTFIIIC-class transcription factor complex binding
GO_0001002Molecular functionRNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
GO_0001003Molecular functionRNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
GO_0016301Molecular functionkinase activity
GO_0051219Molecular functionphosphoprotein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameMTOR
Protein nameMechanistic target of rapamycin kinase
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (EC 2.7.11.1)
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (EC 2.7.11.1) (FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1) (FKBP12-rapamycin complex-associated protein) (Mammalian target of rapamycin) (mTOR) (Mechanistic target of rapamycin) (Rapamycin and FKBP12 target 1) (Rapamycin target protein 1)
SynonymsFRAP2
FRAP1
FRAP
RAFT1
RAPT1
DescriptionFUNCTION: Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals . MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins . Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2) . In response to nutrients, growth factors or amino acids, mTORC1 is recruited to the lysosome membrane and promotes protein, lipid and nucleotide synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis . This includes phosphorylation of EIF4EBP1 and release of its inhibition toward the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E) . Moreover, phosphorylates and activates RPS6KB1 and RPS6KB2 that promote protein synthesis by modulating the activity of their downstream targets including ribosomal protein S6, eukaryotic translation initiation factor EIF4B, and the inhibitor of translation initiation PDCD4 . Stimulates the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, both by acute regulation through RPS6KB1-mediated phosphorylation of the biosynthetic enzyme CAD, and delayed regulation, through transcriptional enhancement of the pentose phosphate pathway which produces 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP), an allosteric activator of CAD at a later step in synthesis, this function is dependent on the mTORC1 complex . Regulates ribosome synthesis by activating RNA polymerase III-dependent transcription through phosphorylation and inhibition of MAF1 an RNA polymerase III-repressor . Activates dormant ribosomes by mediating phosphorylation of SERBP1, leading to SERBP1 inactivation and reactivation of translation . In parallel to protein synthesis, also regulates lipid synthesis through SREBF1/SREBP1 and LPIN1 (By similarity). To maintain energy homeostasis mTORC1 may also regulate mitochondrial biogenesis through regulation of PPARGC1A (By similarity). In the same time, mTORC1 inhibits catabolic pathways: negatively regulates autophagy through phosphorylation of ULK1 . Under nutrient sufficiency, phosphorylates ULK1 at 'Ser-758', disrupting the interaction with AMPK and preventing activation of ULK1 . Also prevents autophagy through phosphorylation of the autophagy inhibitor DAP . Also prevents autophagy by phosphorylating RUBCNL/Pacer under nutrient-rich conditions . Prevents autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of AMBRA1, thereby inhibiting AMBRA1 ability to mediate ubiquitination of ULK1 and interaction between AMBRA1 and PPP2CA . mTORC1 exerts a feedback control on upstream growth factor signaling that includes phosphorylation and activation of GRB10 a INSR-dependent signaling suppressor . Among other potential targets mTORC1 may phosphorylate CLIP1 and regulate microtubules . The mTORC1 complex is inhibited in response to starvation and amino acid depletion . The non-canonical mTORC1 complex, which acts independently of RHEB, specifically mediates phosphorylation of MiT/TFE factors MITF, TFEB and TFE3 in the presence of nutrients, promoting their cytosolic retention and inactivation . Upon starvation or lysosomal stress, inhibition of mTORC1 induces dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of TFEB and TFE3, promoting their transcription factor activity . The mTORC1 complex regulates pyroptosis in macrophages by promoting GSDMD oligomerization . MTOR phosphorylates RPTOR which in turn inhibits mTORC1 (By similarity). As part of the mTORC2 complex MTOR may regulate other cellular processes including survival and organization of the cytoskeleton . mTORC2 plays a critical role in the phosphorylation at 'Ser-473' of AKT1, a pro-survival effector of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, facilitating its activation by PDK1 . mTORC2 may regulate the actin cytoskeleton, through phosphorylation of PRKCA, PXN and activation of the Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors RHOA and RAC1A or RAC1B . mTORC2 also regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422' . Regulates osteoclastogenesis by adjusting the expression of CEBPB isoforms (By similarity). Plays an important regulatory role in the circadian clock function; regulates period length and rhythm amplitude of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and liver clocks (By similarity). .

AccessionsA0A8V8TQN3
A0A8V8TR74
ENST00000703142.1
A0A8V8TQM6
A0A8V8TRG9
ENST00000703140.1
ENST00000703143.1
A0A8V8TQP2
ENST00000361445.9
A0A8V8TQ52
ENST00000703139.1
ENST00000703141.1
ENST00000703118.1
P42345