PTGS2 | OmnibusX

Name	Number of supported studies	Average coverage
mast cell	16 studies	38% ± 14%	Explore
fibroblast	15 studies	32% ± 18%	Explore
macrophage	12 studies	22% ± 9%	Explore
classical monocyte	11 studies	27% ± 13%	Explore
monocyte	9 studies	29% ± 9%	Explore
neutrophil	9 studies	43% ± 11%	Explore
type I pneumocyte	4 studies	26% ± 7%	Explore
dendritic cell	3 studies	20% ± 2%	Explore
mononuclear phagocyte	3 studies	29% ± 4%	Explore
myeloid cell	3 studies	27% ± 7%	Explore
endothelial cell	3 studies	22% ± 4%	Explore
secretory cell	3 studies	19% ± 2%	Explore
conventional dendritic cell	3 studies	22% ± 2%	Explore

II. Expression across tissues

sc-RNAseq data

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of PTGS2 at tissue level.

Tissue	GTEx Coverage	GTEx Average TPM	GTEx Number of samples	TCGA Coverage	TCGA Average TPM	TCGA Number of samples
lung	100%	7840.62	577 / 578	85%	56.72	981 / 1155
prostate	100%	3035.19	244 / 245	84%	27.94	421 / 502
bladder	100%	2179.71	21 / 21	75%	35.56	379 / 504
esophagus	68%	773.11	983 / 1445	78%	24.31	142 / 183
intestine	79%	2190.88	760 / 966	58%	12.01	308 / 527
stomach	55%	2826.46	196 / 359	61%	14.63	175 / 286
kidney	75%	1183.55	67 / 89	28%	5.06	250 / 901
ureter	0%	0	0 / 0	100%	44.49	1 / 1
thymus	49%	585.09	317 / 653	50%	7.84	303 / 605
uterus	34%	245.90	58 / 170	60%	27.68	275 / 459
blood vessel	86%	1837.03	1146 / 1335	0%	0	0 / 0
pancreas	2%	11.06	8 / 328	80%	27.03	142 / 178
adrenal gland	54%	494.36	140 / 258	17%	2.75	38 / 230
adipose	66%	1245.21	798 / 1204	0%	0	0 / 0
breast	48%	509.42	219 / 459	17%	4.32	195 / 1118
tonsil	0%	0	0 / 0	64%	14.57	29 / 45
brain	36%	247.79	957 / 2642	28%	4.23	194 / 705
skin	46%	308.15	840 / 1809	17%	2.99	81 / 472
peripheral blood	61%	2001.22	563 / 929	0%	0	0 / 0
heart	53%	1205.16	454 / 861	0%	0	0 / 0
liver	48%	513.40	109 / 226	4%	0.40	16 / 406
ovary	36%	251.91	64 / 180	14%	1.54	59 / 430
spleen	38%	198.80	92 / 241	0%	0	0 / 0
lymph node	0%	0	0 / 0	7%	1.10	2 / 29
muscle	4%	30.96	29 / 803	0%	0	0 / 0
abdomen	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
bone marrow	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
diaphragm	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
eye	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 80
gingiva	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nasal cavity	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nasopharynx	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
nose	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
placenta	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0
spinal column	0%	0	0 / 0	0%	0	0 / 0

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0032355	Biological process	response to estradiol
GO_0001525	Biological process	angiogenesis
GO_0008285	Biological process	negative regulation of cell population proliferation
GO_0071636	Biological process	positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production
GO_0019371	Biological process	cyclooxygenase pathway
GO_0032310	Biological process	prostaglandin secretion
GO_0045986	Biological process	negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction
GO_0010042	Biological process	response to manganese ion
GO_0050873	Biological process	brown fat cell differentiation
GO_0032227	Biological process	negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic
GO_0045786	Biological process	negative regulation of cell cycle
GO_0098869	Biological process	cellular oxidant detoxification
GO_0031622	Biological process	positive regulation of fever generation
GO_0031915	Biological process	positive regulation of synaptic plasticity
GO_0070542	Biological process	response to fatty acid
GO_0034605	Biological process	cellular response to heat
GO_0071260	Biological process	cellular response to mechanical stimulus
GO_0071498	Biological process	cellular response to fluid shear stress
GO_0150077	Biological process	regulation of neuroinflammatory response
GO_0007612	Biological process	learning
GO_0046697	Biological process	decidualization
GO_0051926	Biological process	negative regulation of calcium ion transport
GO_0048661	Biological process	positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO_0009624	Biological process	response to nematode
GO_0008217	Biological process	regulation of blood pressure
GO_0033138	Biological process	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO_0042307	Biological process	positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
GO_0045907	Biological process	positive regulation of vasoconstriction
GO_1990776	Biological process	response to angiotensin
GO_0090271	Biological process	positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production
GO_0031394	Biological process	positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process
GO_0050727	Biological process	regulation of inflammatory response
GO_0034612	Biological process	response to tumor necrosis factor
GO_0042633	Biological process	hair cycle
GO_0071318	Biological process	cellular response to ATP
GO_0090050	Biological process	positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
GO_0009750	Biological process	response to fructose
GO_0045987	Biological process	positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction
GO_0090362	Biological process	positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production
GO_0051384	Biological process	response to glucocorticoid
GO_0090336	Biological process	positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation
GO_0071284	Biological process	cellular response to lead ion
GO_0001516	Biological process	prostaglandin biosynthetic process
GO_0030282	Biological process	bone mineralization
GO_0045429	Biological process	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
GO_0071471	Biological process	cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress
GO_0035633	Biological process	maintenance of blood-brain barrier
GO_0010575	Biological process	positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
GO_0007613	Biological process	memory
GO_1902219	Biological process	negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress
GO_1905375	Biological process	cellular response to homocysteine
GO_0051968	Biological process	positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
GO_0009410	Biological process	response to xenobiotic stimulus
GO_0006979	Biological process	response to oxidative stress
GO_0043065	Biological process	positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO_0033280	Biological process	response to vitamin D
GO_0032496	Biological process	response to lipopolysaccharide
GO_0007566	Biological process	embryo implantation
GO_0071456	Biological process	cellular response to hypoxia
GO_0005789	Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO_0032991	Cellular component	protein-containing complex
GO_0005637	Cellular component	nuclear inner membrane
GO_0005640	Cellular component	nuclear outer membrane
GO_0043005	Cellular component	neuron projection
GO_0005788	Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum lumen
GO_0005783	Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum
GO_0005737	Cellular component	cytoplasm
GO_0005901	Cellular component	caveola
GO_0004601	Molecular function	peroxidase activity
GO_0019899	Molecular function	enzyme binding
GO_0042803	Molecular function	protein homodimerization activity
GO_0004666	Molecular function	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
GO_0020037	Molecular function	heme binding
GO_0046872	Molecular function	metal ion binding
GO_0005515	Molecular function	protein binding
GO_0016702	Molecular function	oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen

IV. Literature review

[source]

Gene name	PTGS2
Protein name	Prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1) Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1) (Cyclooxygenase-2) (COX-2) (PHS II) (Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2) (PGH synthase 2) (PGHS-2) (Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) Cyclooxygenase-2 (EC 1.14.99.1) Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1) (Cyclooxygenase-2) (PHS II) (Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2) (Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2)
Synonyms	COX-2 COX2
Description	FUNCTION: Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate, AA, C20:4(n-6)), with a particular role in the inflammatory response . The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates AA to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes . This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons . Similarly catalyzes successive cyclooxygenation and peroxidation of dihomo-gamma-linoleate (DGLA, C20:3(n-6)) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) to corresponding PGH1 and PGH3, the precursors of 1- and 3-series prostaglandins . In an alternative pathway of prostanoid biosynthesis, converts 2-arachidonoyl lysophopholipids to prostanoid lysophopholipids, which are then hydrolyzed by intracellular phospholipases to release free prostanoids . Metabolizes 2-arachidonoyl glycerol yielding the glyceryl ester of PGH2, a process that can contribute to pain response . Generates lipid mediators from n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via a lipoxygenase-type mechanism. Oxygenates PUFAs to hydroperoxy compounds and then reduces them to corresponding alcohols . Plays a role in the generation of resolution phase interaction products (resolvins) during both sterile and infectious inflammation . Metabolizes docosahexaenoate (DHA, C22:6(n-3)) to 17R-HDHA, a precursor of the D-series resolvins (RvDs) . As a component of the biosynthetic pathway of E-series resolvins (RvEs), converts eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) primarily to 18S-HEPE that is further metabolized by ALOX5 and LTA4H to generate 18S-RvE1 and 18S-RvE2 . In vascular endothelial cells, converts docosapentaenoate (DPA, C22:5(n-3)) to 13R-HDPA, a precursor for 13-series resolvins (RvTs) shown to activate macrophage phagocytosis during bacterial infection . In activated leukocytes, contributes to oxygenation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETE) to diHETES (5,15-diHETE and 5,11-diHETE) . Can also use linoleate (LA, (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate, C18:2(n-6)) as substrate and produce hydroxyoctadecadienoates (HODEs) in a regio- and stereospecific manner, being (9R)-HODE ((9R)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate) and (13S)-HODE ((13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate) its major products (By similarity). During neuroinflammation, plays a role in neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs) 15R-lipoxin A4 that regulates phagocytic microglia (By similarity). .
Accessions	A0A7P0T828 P35354 ENST00000367468.10 ENST00000680451.1 Q9NNY7 ENST00000681605.1 Q6ZYK7 D9MWI3 ENST00000559627.1

PTGS2 report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

IV. Literature review