AGRN report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0007213Biological processG protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
GO_0043547Biological processpositive regulation of GTPase activity
GO_0007165Biological processsignal transduction
GO_0045162Biological processclustering of voltage-gated sodium channels
GO_0007010Biological processcytoskeleton organization
GO_0007528Biological processneuromuscular junction development
GO_0043113Biological processreceptor clustering
GO_0051491Biological processpositive regulation of filopodium assembly
GO_0045887Biological processpositive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction
GO_0050808Biological processsynapse organization
GO_0045944Biological processpositive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
GO_0005576Cellular componentextracellular region
GO_0005886Cellular componentplasma membrane
GO_0005796Cellular componentGolgi lumen
GO_0070062Cellular componentextracellular exosome
GO_0062023Cellular componentcollagen-containing extracellular matrix
GO_0045202Cellular componentsynapse
GO_0005604Cellular componentbasement membrane
GO_0043202Cellular componentlysosomal lumen
GO_0033691Molecular functionsialic acid binding
GO_0005201Molecular functionextracellular matrix structural constituent
GO_0005200Molecular functionstructural constituent of cytoskeleton
GO_0002162Molecular functiondystroglycan binding
GO_0043236Molecular functionlaminin binding
GO_0043395Molecular functionheparan sulfate proteoglycan binding
GO_0035374Molecular functionchondroitin sulfate binding
GO_0005509Molecular functioncalcium ion binding
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameAGRN
Protein nameAgrin
Follistatin (Activin-binding protein)
Agrin [Cleaved into: Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit; Agrin C-terminal 110 kDa subunit; Agrin C-terminal 90 kDa fragment (C90); Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment (C22)]
SynonymsAGRIN
DescriptionFUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Heparan sulfate basal lamina glycoprotein that plays a central role in the formation and the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation. Component of the AGRN-LRP4 receptor complex that induces the phosphorylation and activation of MUSK. The activation of MUSK in myotubes induces the formation of NMJ by regulating different processes including the transcription of specific genes and the clustering of AChR in the postsynaptic membrane. Calcium ions are required for maximal AChR clustering. AGRN function in neurons is highly regulated by alternative splicing, glycan binding and proteolytic processing. Modulates calcium ion homeostasis in neurons, specifically by inducing an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. Functions differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) by inhibiting the alpha(3)-subtype of Na+/K+-ATPase and evoking depolarization at CNS synapses. This secreted isoform forms a bridge, after release from motor neurons, to basal lamina through binding laminin via the NtA domain.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Transmembrane form that is the predominate form in neurons of the brain, induces dendritic filopodia and synapse formation in mature hippocampal neurons in large part due to the attached glycosaminoglycan chains and the action of Rho-family GTPases.; FUNCTION: Isoform 1, isoform 4 and isoform 5: neuron-specific (z+) isoforms that contain C-terminal insertions of 8-19 AA are potent activators of AChR clustering. Isoform 5, agrin (z+8), containing the 8-AA insert, forms a receptor complex in myotubules containing the neuronal AGRN, the muscle-specific kinase MUSK and LRP4, a member of the LDL receptor family. The splicing factors, NOVA1 and NOVA2, regulate AGRN splicing and production of the 'z' isoforms.; FUNCTION: Isoform 3 and isoform 6: lack any 'z' insert, are muscle-specific and may be involved in endothelial cell differentiation.; FUNCTION: [Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit]: Is involved in regulation of neurite outgrowth probably due to the presence of the glycosaminoglcan (GAG) side chains of heparan and chondroitin sulfate attached to the Ser/Thr- and Gly/Ser-rich regions. Also involved in modulation of growth factor signaling (By similarity). .; FUNCTION: [Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment]: This released fragment is important for agrin signaling and to exert a maximal dendritic filopodia-inducing effect. All 'z' splice variants (z+) of this fragment also show an increase in the number of filopodia.

FUNCTION: Binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). .

FUNCTION: Binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. Specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). .

AccessionsENST00000652369.1
Q15952
Q96QF8
ENST00000620552.4
Q96QF9
A0A087X208
A0A494C1I6
A0A494C0G5
Q5XG79
ENST00000651234.1
ENST00000379370.7 [O00468-6]
O00468