AMBP report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0050777Biological processnegative regulation of immune response
GO_0007155Biological processcell adhesion
GO_0007565Biological processfemale pregnancy
GO_0042167Biological processheme catabolic process
GO_0046329Biological processnegative regulation of JNK cascade
GO_0005615Cellular componentextracellular space
GO_0005576Cellular componentextracellular region
GO_0005886Cellular componentplasma membrane
GO_0070062Cellular componentextracellular exosome
GO_0062023Cellular componentcollagen-containing extracellular matrix
GO_0005743Cellular componentmitochondrial inner membrane
GO_0072562Cellular componentblood microparticle
GO_0009986Cellular componentcell surface
GO_0005783Cellular componentendoplasmic reticulum
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0031965Cellular componentnuclear membrane
GO_0046904Molecular functioncalcium oxalate binding
GO_0042803Molecular functionprotein homodimerization activity
GO_0019862Molecular functionIgA binding
GO_0004867Molecular functionserine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
GO_0030246Molecular functioncarbohydrate binding
GO_0016491Molecular functionoxidoreductase activity
GO_0020037Molecular functionheme binding
GO_0019855Molecular functioncalcium channel inhibitor activity
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameAMBP
Protein nameAlpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor
Protein AMBP
Protein AMBP (Protein HC) [Cleaved into: Alpha-1-microglobulin (EC 1.6.2.-) (Alpha-1 microglycoprotein) (Complex-forming glycoprotein heterogeneous in charge); Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain (ITI-LC) (Bikunin) (EDC1) (HI-30) (Uronic-acid-rich protein); Trypstatin]
SynonymsITIL
HCP
DescriptionFUNCTION: [Alpha-1-microglobulin]: Antioxidant and tissue repair protein with reductase, heme-binding and radical-scavenging activities. Removes and protects against harmful oxidants and repairs macromolecules in intravascular and extravascular spaces and in intracellular compartments . Intravascularly, plays a regulatory role in red cell homeostasis by preventing heme- and reactive oxygen species-induced cell damage. Binds and degrades free heme to protect fetal and adult red blood cells from hemolysis . Reduces extracellular methemoglobin, a Fe3+ (ferric) form of hemoglobin that cannot bind oxygen, back to the Fe2+ (ferrous) form deoxyhemoglobin, which has oxygen-carrying potential . Upon acute inflammation, inhibits oxidation of low-density lipoprotein particles by MPO and limits vascular damage . Extravascularly, protects from oxidation products formed on extracellular matrix structures and cell membranes. Catalyzes the reduction of carbonyl groups on oxidized collagen fibers and preserves cellular and extracellular matrix ultrastructures . Importantly, counteracts the oxidative damage at blood-placenta interface, preventing leakage of free fetal hemoglobin into the maternal circulation . Intracellularly, has a role in maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Bound to complex I of the respiratory chain of mitochondria, may scavenge free radicals and preserve mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Protects renal tubule epithelial cells from heme-induced oxidative damage to mitochondria . Reduces cytochrome c from Fe3+ (ferric) to the Fe2+ (ferrous) state through formation of superoxide anion radicals in the presence of ascorbate or NADH/NADPH electron donor cofactors, ascorbate being the preferred cofactor . Has a chaperone role in facilitating the correct folding of bikunin in the endoplasmic reticulum compartment (By similarity). .; FUNCTION: [Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain]: Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor and structural component of extracellular matrix with a role in extracellular space remodeling and cell adhesion . Among others, has antiprotease activity toward kallikrein, a protease involved in airway inflammation; inhibits GZMK/granzyme, a granule-stored serine protease involved in NK and T cell cytotoxic responses; and inhibits PLG/plasmin, a protease required for activation of matrix metalloproteinases . As part of I-alpha-I complex, provides for the heavy chains to be transferred from I-alpha-I complex to hyaluronan in the presence of TNFAIP6, in a dynamic process that releases free bikunin and remodels extracellular matrix proteoglycan structures. Free bikunin, but not its heavy chain-bound form, acts as potent protease inhibitor in airway secretions . Part of hyaluronan-rich extracellular matrix that surrounds oocyte during cumulus oophorus expansion, an indispensable process for proper ovulation (By similarity). Also inhibits calcium oxalate crystallization . .; FUNCTION: [Trypstatin]: Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor. Has high catalytic efficiency for F10/blood coagulation factor Xa and may act as an anticoagulant by inhibiting prothrombin activation. Inhibits trypsin and mast cell CMA1/chymase and tryptase proteases. .

FUNCTION: Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor. Has high catalytic efficiency for F10/blood coagulation factor Xa and may act as an anticoagulant by inhibiting prothrombin activation. Inhibits trypsin and mast cell CMA1/chymase and tryptase proteases. .

AccessionsENST00000265132.8
ENST00000466610.6
S4R471
P02760
S4R3Y4
ENST00000603230.1