MAPK11 report

I. Expression across cell types

II. Expression across tissues

sc-RNAseq data

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of MAPK11 at tissue level.

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0001649Biological processosteoblast differentiation
GO_0060044Biological processnegative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation
GO_0010628Biological processpositive regulation of gene expression
GO_0032735Biological processpositive regulation of interleukin-12 production
GO_0051149Biological processpositive regulation of muscle cell differentiation
GO_0071347Biological processcellular response to interleukin-1
GO_0071493Biological processcellular response to UV-B
GO_0051403Biological processstress-activated MAPK cascade
GO_0060038Biological processcardiac muscle cell proliferation
GO_0098586Biological processcellular response to virus
GO_0035556Biological processintracellular signal transduction
GO_0045648Biological processpositive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation
GO_0031098Biological processstress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade
GO_0090398Biological processcellular senescence
GO_0060348Biological processbone development
GO_0038066Biological processp38MAPK cascade
GO_0005654Cellular componentnucleoplasm
GO_0005829Cellular componentcytosol
GO_0005737Cellular componentcytoplasm
GO_0005634Cellular componentnucleus
GO_0004707Molecular functionMAP kinase activity
GO_0106310Molecular functionprotein serine kinase activity
GO_0004674Molecular functionprotein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO_0005524Molecular functionATP binding
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameMAPK11
Protein nameMitogen-activated protein kinase 11
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 (MAP kinase 11) (MAPK 11) (EC 2.7.11.24) (Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 beta) (MAP kinase p38 beta) (p38b) (Stress-activated protein kinase 2b) (SAPK2b) (p38-2)
SynonymsSAPK2B
PRKM11
SAPK2
DescriptionFUNCTION: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway . MAPK11 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors . Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each . MAPK11 functions are mostly redundant with those of MAPK14 . Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets . RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 can directly phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as CREB1, ATF1, the NF-kappa-B isoform RELA/NFKB3, STAT1 and STAT3, but can also phosphorylate histone H3 and the nucleosomal protein HMGN1 . RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 play important roles in the rapid induction of immediate-early genes in response to stress or mitogenic stimuli, either by inducing chromatin remodeling or by recruiting the transcription machinery. On the other hand, two other kinase targets, MAPKAPK2/MK2 and MAPKAPK3/MK3, participate in the control of gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level, by phosphorylating ZFP36 (tristetraprolin) and ELAVL1, and by regulating EEF2K, which is important for the elongation of mRNA during translation. MKNK1/MNK1 and MKNK2/MNK2, two other kinases activated by p38 MAPKs, regulate protein synthesis by phosphorylating the initiation factor EIF4E2 . In the cytoplasm, the p38 MAPK pathway is an important regulator of protein turnover. For example, CFLAR is an inhibitor of TNF-induced apoptosis whose proteasome-mediated degradation is regulated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Ectodomain shedding of transmembrane proteins is regulated by p38 MAPKs as well. In response to inflammatory stimuli, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate the membrane-associated metalloprotease ADAM17. Such phosphorylation is required for ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding of TGF-alpha family ligands, which results in the activation of EGFR signaling and cell proliferation. Additional examples of p38 MAPK substrates are the FGFR1. FGFR1 can be translocated from the extracellular space into the cytosol and nucleus of target cells, and regulates processes such as rRNA synthesis and cell growth. FGFR1 translocation requires p38 MAPK activation. In the nucleus, many transcription factors are phosphorylated and activated by p38 MAPKs in response to different stimuli. Classical examples include ATF1, ATF2, ATF6, ELK1, PTPRH, DDIT3, TP53/p53 and MEF2C and MEF2A . The p38 MAPKs are emerging as important modulators of gene expression by regulating chromatin modifiers and remodelers . The promoters of several genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as IL6, IL8 and IL12B, display a p38 MAPK-dependent enrichment of histone H3 phosphorylation on 'Ser-10' (H3S10ph) in LPS-stimulated myeloid cells. This phosphorylation enhances the accessibility of the cryptic NF-kappa-B-binding sites marking promoters for increased NF-kappa-B recruitment. Phosphorylates NLRP1 downstream of MAP3K20/ZAK in response to UV-B irradiation and ribosome collisions, promoting activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome and pyroptosis . .

AccessionsQ15759
ENST00000417877.1
ENST00000395764.5 [Q15759-1]
ENST00000330651.11 [Q15759-1]
F8WDP4