HTN3 report

I. Expression across cell types

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of HTN3 at single-cell level.

II. Expression across tissues

sc-RNAseq data

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of HTN3 at tissue level.

III. Associated gene sets

GO_0031640Biological processkilling of cells of another organism
GO_0050832Biological processdefense response to fungus
GO_0090303Biological processpositive regulation of wound healing
GO_0048146Biological processpositive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
GO_0031214Biological processbiomineral tissue development
GO_0045087Biological processinnate immune response
GO_0042742Biological processdefense response to bacterium
GO_0005576Cellular componentextracellular region
GO_0005739Cellular componentmitochondrion
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding
GO_0060090Molecular functionmolecular adaptor activity
GO_0046872Molecular functionmetal ion binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameHTN3
Protein nameHistatin-3 (Basic histidine-rich protein) (Hst) (Histatin 3) (Hst 3) (Histidine-rich protein 3) (PB) [Cleaved into: Histatin-3; His3-(20-44)-peptide (His3 20/44) (His3-(1-25)-peptide) (His3 1/25) (Histatin 6) (Histatin-3 1/25) (Histatin-6); His3-(20-43)-peptide (His3 20/43) (His3-(1-24)-peptide) (His3 1/24) (Histatin 5) (Hst 5) (Histatin-3 1/24) (Histatin-5); His3-(20-32)-peptide (His3 20/32) (His3-(1-13)-peptide) (His3 1/13) (Histatin-3 1/13); His3-(20-31)-peptide (His3 20/31) (His3-(1-12)-peptide) (His3 1/12) (Histatin-3 1/12); His3-(20-30)-peptide (His3 20/30) (His3-(1-11)-peptide) (His3 1/11) (Histatin-3 1/11); His3-(24-32)-peptide (His3 24/32) (His3-(5-13)-peptide) (His3 5/13) (Histatin-3 5/13); His3-(24-31)-peptide (His3 24/31) (His3-(5-12)-peptide) (His3 5/12) (Histatin 11) (Histatin-11) (Histatin-3 5/12); His3-(24-30)-peptide (His3 24/30) (His3-(5-11)-peptide) (His3 5/11) (Histatin 12) (Histatin-12) (Histatin-3 5/11); His3-(25-32)-peptide (His3 25/32) (His3-(6-13)-peptide) (His3 6/13) (Histatin-3 6/13); His3-(25-30)-peptide (His3 25/30) (His3-(6-11)-peptide) (His3 6/11) (Histatin-3 6/11); His3-(26-32)-peptide (His3 26/32) (His3-(7-13)-peptide) (His3 7/13) (Histatin-3 7/13); His3-(26-31)-peptide (His3 26/31) (His3-(7-12)-peptide) (His3 7/12) (Histatin-3 7/12); His3-(26-30)-peptide (His3 26/30) (His3-(7-11)-peptide) (His3 7/11) (Histatin-3 7/11); His3-(31-51)-peptide (His3 31/51) (His3-(12-32)-peptide) (His3 12/32) (Histatin 4) (Histatin-3 12/32) (Histatin-4); His3-(31-44)-peptide (His3 31/44) (His3-(12-25)-peptide) (His3 12/25) (Histatin 9) (Histatin-3 12/25) (Histatin-9); His3-(31-43)-peptide (His3 31/43) (His3-(12-24)-peptide) (His3 12/24) (Histatin 7) (Histatin-3 12/24) (Histatin-7); His3-(32-44)-peptide (His3 32/44) (His3-(13-25)-peptide) (His3 13/25) (Histatin 10) (Histatin-10) (Histatin-3 13/25); His3-(32-43)-peptide (His3 32-43) (His3-(13-24)-peptide) (His3 13/24) (Histatin 8) (Histatin-3 13/24) (Histatin-8); His3-(33-44)-peptide (His3 33/44) (His3-(14-25)-peptide) (His3 14/25) (Histatin-3 14/25); His3-(33-43)-peptide (His3 33/43) (His3-(14-24)-peptide) (His3 14/24) (Histatin-3 14/24); His3-(34-44)-peptide (His3 34/44) (His3-(15-25)-peptide) (His3 15/25) (Histatin-3 15/25); His3-(34-43)-peptide (His3 34/43) (His3-(15-24)-peptide) (His3 15/24) (Histatin-3 15/24); His3-(45-51)-peptide (His3 45/51) (His3-(26-32)-peptide) (His3 26/32) (Histatin-3 26/32); His3-(47-51)-peptide (His3 47/51) (His3-(28-32)-peptide) (His3 28/32) (Histatin-3 28/32); His3-(48-51)-peptide (His3 48/51) (His3-(29-32)-peptide) (His3 29/32) (Histatin-3 29/32)]
Histatin-3
SynonymsHIS2
DescriptionFUNCTION: Histatins are cationic and histidine-rich peptides mainly found in the saliva of higher primates . They are considered to be major precursors of the protective proteinaceous structure on tooth surfaces (enamel pellicle). Hsts can be divided into two major groups according to their biological functions: antimicrobial Hsts (e.g. Hst 5/HTN3) and cell-activating Hsts (e.g. Hst 1/HTN1, Hst 2/HTN1 and Hst 3/HTN3) . .; FUNCTION: [Histatin-3]: Histatin 3 (Hst 3) is mostly involved in cell migration and wound healing in the oral cavity . Also stimulates cell proliferation after binding to heat shock protein HSC70, which enhances HSC70-CDKN1B complex formation and subsequent ubiquitination during G1/S transition . Also displays antifungal activity against pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, however with less effectiveness than Hst 5 . .; FUNCTION: [His3-(20-43)-peptide]: Histatin 5 (Hst 5), a fragment of Hst 3, is the major histatin exhibiting antifungal and antibacterial activities . It is effective against pathogenic yeast C. albicans, C. neoformans, C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae as well as ESKAPE bacterial pathogens . Secreted Hst 5 mediates a multi-step intracellular mechanism of action against the pathogen. Depending on peptide concentration and pathogen, uptake across the membrane can occur through transporters, direct interaction with plasma membrane and/or receptor-mediated endocytosis . Binds C. albicans cell wall proteins SSA1 and SSA2 and glycans in an energy-independent manner, then is taken up by the cells through fungal polyamine transporters DUR3 and DUR31 in an energy-dependent manner . Internalized Hst5 is then targeted to the energized mitochondrion to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and subsequent release of intracellular non-lytic ATP which ultimately leads to fungal cell death . In addition, inhibits C. albicans TRK1 potassium-transporter which causes exudation of intracellular K(+), generating an osmotic imbalance leading to delayed membrane lysis and cell death . Also acts as a potent inhibitor of bacterial proteases such as Lys-gingipain and Arg-gingipain (rgpB) from P. gingivalis as well as human metalloproteases MMP2 and MMP9 . The binding of metals such as zinc, copper or nickel with Hst 5 results in the protection of the enamel and antimicrobial activities such as the inhibition of microbial growth by decreasing the metal concentration, the formation of ROS commonly associated with redox-active metals, the induction of membrane disruption mediated by zinc binding . Also involved in coating oral surfaces in the form of a salivary film which reduces colonization by C. albicans on epithelial cell surfaces . Secreted Hst 5 can also internalize mammalian epithelial cells and target the mitochondria although it does not exert cytotoxic effects in these cells . In contrast with Hst 3, not able to promote wound healing in mammalian host cells . .

AccessionsENST00000635125.1
ENST00000635585.1
X6RAH8
ENST00000381057.3
ENST00000677679.1
ENST00000530128.5
ENST00000672568.1
P15516
ENST00000673563.1