HTN1 report

I. Expression across cell types

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of HTN1 at single-cell level.

II. Expression across tissues

sc-RNAseq data

Insufficient scRNA-seq data for expression of HTN1 at tissue level.

III. Associated gene sets

GO_1900026Biological processpositive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading
GO_0035470Biological processpositive regulation of vascular wound healing
GO_0031640Biological processkilling of cells of another organism
GO_0050832Biological processdefense response to fungus
GO_0009893Biological processpositive regulation of metabolic process
GO_1903691Biological processpositive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells
GO_0031214Biological processbiomineral tissue development
GO_0022409Biological processpositive regulation of cell-cell adhesion
GO_0042742Biological processdefense response to bacterium
GO_0090303Biological processpositive regulation of wound healing
GO_0005783Cellular componentendoplasmic reticulum
GO_0005576Cellular componentextracellular region
GO_0005789Cellular componentendoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO_0005739Cellular componentmitochondrion
GO_0005515Molecular functionprotein binding

IV. Literature review

[source]
Gene nameHTN1
Protein nameHistatin-1 (Hst1) (Histidine-rich protein 1) (Post-PB protein) (PPB) [Cleaved into: His1-(31-57)-peptide (His1 31/57) (His1-(12-38)-peptide) (His1 12/38) (Histatin 2) (Hst2) (Histatin-2)]
SynonymsHIS1
DescriptionFUNCTION: Histatins (Hsts) are cationic and histidine-rich secreted peptides mainly synthesized by saliva glands of humans and higher primates . Hsts are considered to be major precursors of the protective proteinaceous structure on tooth surfaces (enamel pellicle). Hsts can be divided into two major groups according to their biological functions: antimicrobial Hsts (e.g. Hst 5/HTN3) and cell-activating Hsts (e.g. Hst 1/HTN1 and Hst 2/HTN1) . Hst 1/HTN1 and Hst 2/HTN1 act in different cell types (epithelium, fibroblasts and endothelium) in oral and non-oral mucosa . .; FUNCTION: [Histatin-1]: Hst 1 functions primarily as a wound healing factor by activating cell-surface and cell-cell adhesions, cell spreading and migration and it can also stimulate cellular metabolic activity . Hst 1 is internalized in host cells in a stereospecific and energy-dependent process, which is partially mediated by the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR)-activated endocytosis . Internalized Hst 1 is targeted and released via early endosomes trafficking to the mitochondria, where it significantly enhances mitochondrial energy metabolism . At the mitochondria, Hst 1 increases mitochondria-ER contacts through binding with ER receptor TMEM97, which also stimulates metabolic activity and cell migration and may as well regulate calcium homeostasis of the cell . Also activates the ERK1/2 signaling pathway to promote cell migration, possibly upon interaction with GPRCs at the plasma membrane . Also triggers the RIN2/Rab5/Rac1 signaling cascade which activates endothelial cell adhesion, spreading and migration required for angiogenesis in the oral wound healing process, however the receptor that transduces Hst 1 signal has not yet been identified . Also displays antimicrobial functions against pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, although with less effectiveness than Hst 5 . .; FUNCTION: [His1-(31-57)-peptide]: Hst 2 consists of the fragment sequence 12-28 of Hst 1. Similar to Hst 1, actively and stereospecifically internalized in host cells and targeted to the mitochondria and the ER and promotes cell metabolic activity . Also activates the ERK1/2 signaling pathway to promote cell migration and wound closure . In contrast with Hst 1, not able to promote cell-substrate and cell-cell adhesion . .

AccessionsENST00000678229.1
ENST00000511674.5
P15515
ENST00000635327.2
ENST00000246896.8
ENST00000635569.1